Finance & Economics / Business & Investment

NPV-IRR Calculator

Cash Flows (by period)

Year 1

Formulas

• NPV = -Initial + Σ(CFₜ / (1+r)ᵗ)

• IRR: Discount rate where NPV = 0

About This Calculator

This npv-irr calculator helps you move from raw inputs to a decision-ready output in seconds.

Evaluate discounted cash-flow projects by estimating net present value and internal rate of return for capital allocation decisions.

If your workflow expands, pair this calculator with ROI Calculator and Cap Rate Calculator to cross-check assumptions and build a stronger analysis chain.

Formula

NPV = Σ[Cash Flow_t / (1 + r)^t] - Initial Investment; IRR is the discount rate where NPV = 0.

Example Calculation

The worked example below demonstrates how the input fields translate into the final output. Use it as a quick validation pass before entering your own numbers.

  • initialInvestment: 100000
  • annualCashFlows: 30000, 32000, 34000, 36000
  • discountRatePercent: 9

Explanation of Results

Result Interpretation

When discounted inflows exceed the initial outlay and IRR beats your target return, the project is financially attractive.

FAQ

Why can NPV and IRR conflict across projects?

Different project scale and timing can produce ranking conflicts; NPV is generally preferred for value maximization.

What discount rate should I use?

Use your cost of capital or risk-adjusted required return to evaluate whether cash flows compensate for risk.

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